//
// SocketConnector.h
//
// $Id: //poco/1.3/Net/include/Poco/Net/SocketConnector.h#1 $
//
// Library: Net
// Package: Reactor
// Module:  SocketConnector
//
// Definition of the SocketConnector class.
//
// Copyright (c) 2005-2006, Applied Informatics Software Engineering GmbH.
// and Contributors.
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
// obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
// this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
// execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
// Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
// do so, all subject to the following:
// 
// The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
// the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
// must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
// all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
// works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
// a source language processor.
// 
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
// SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
// FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
// ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
//


#ifndef Net_SocketConnector_INCLUDED
#define Net_SocketConnector_INCLUDED


#include "Poco/Net/Net.h"
#include "Poco/Net/SocketNotification.h"
#include "Poco/Net/SocketAddress.h"
#include "Poco/Net/StreamSocket.h"
#include "Poco/Observer.h"


namespace Poco {
namespace Net {


template <class ServiceHandler>
class SocketConnector
	/// This class implements the Connector part of the
	/// Acceptor-Connector design pattern.
	///
	/// The Acceptor-Connector pattern has been described in the book
	/// "Pattern Languages of Program Design 3", edited by Robert Martin,
	/// Frank Buschmann and Dirk Riehle (Addison Wesley, 1997).
	///
	/// The Acceptor-Connector design pattern decouples connection
	/// establishment and service initialization in a distributed system
	/// from the processing performed once a service is initialized.
	/// This decoupling is achieved with three components: Acceptors, 
	/// Connectors and Service Handlers.
	/// The Connector actively establishes a connection with a remote
	/// server socket (usually managed by an Acceptor) and initializes
	/// a Service Handler to manage the connection.
	///
	/// The SocketConnector sets up a StreamSocket, initiates a non-blocking
	/// connect operation and registers itself for ReadableNotification, WritableNotification
	/// and ErrorNotification. ReadableNotification or WritableNotification denote the successful 
	/// establishment of the connection.
	///
	/// When the StreamSocket becomes readable or writeable, the SocketConnector 
	/// creates a ServiceHandler to service the connection and unregisters
	/// itself.
	///
	/// In case of an error (ErrorNotification), the SocketConnector unregisters itself
	/// and calls the onError() method, which can be overridden by subclasses
	/// to perform custom error handling.
	///
	/// The ServiceHandler class must provide a constructor that
	/// takes a StreamSocket and a SocketReactor as arguments,
	/// e.g.:
	///     MyServiceHandler(const StreamSocket& socket, ServiceReactor& reactor)
	///
	/// When the ServiceHandler is done, it must destroy itself.
	///
	/// Subclasses can override the createServiceHandler() factory method
	/// if special steps are necessary to create a ServiceHandler object.
{
public:		
	SocketConnector(SocketAddress& address):
		_pReactor(0)
		/// Creates a SocketConnector, using the given Socket.
	{
		_socket.connectNB(address);
	}

	SocketConnector(SocketAddress& address, SocketReactor& reactor):
		_pReactor(0)
		/// Creates an acceptor, using the given ServerSocket.
		/// The SocketConnector registers itself with the given SocketReactor.
	{
		_socket.connectNB(address);
		registerConnector(reactor);
	}

	virtual ~SocketConnector()
		/// Destroys the SocketConnector.
	{
		unregisterConnector();
	}
	
	virtual void registerConnector(SocketReactor& reactor)
		/// Registers the SocketConnector with a SocketReactor.
		///
		/// A subclass can override this and, for example, also register
		/// an event handler for a timeout event.
		///
		/// The overriding method must call the baseclass implementation first.
	{
		_pReactor = &reactor;
		_pReactor->addEventHandler(_socket, Poco::Observer<SocketConnector, ReadableNotification>(*this, &SocketConnector::onReadable));
		_pReactor->addEventHandler(_socket, Poco::Observer<SocketConnector, WritableNotification>(*this, &SocketConnector::onWritable));
		_pReactor->addEventHandler(_socket, Poco::Observer<SocketConnector, ErrorNotification>(*this, &SocketConnector::onError));
	}
	
	virtual void unregisterConnector()
		/// Unregisters the SocketConnector.
		///
		/// A subclass can override this and, for example, also unregister
		/// its event handler for a timeout event.
		///
		/// The overriding method must call the baseclass implementation first.
	{
		if (_pReactor)
		{
			_pReactor->removeEventHandler(_socket, Poco::Observer<SocketConnector, ReadableNotification>(*this, &SocketConnector::onReadable));
			_pReactor->removeEventHandler(_socket, Poco::Observer<SocketConnector, WritableNotification>(*this, &SocketConnector::onWritable));
			_pReactor->removeEventHandler(_socket, Poco::Observer<SocketConnector, ErrorNotification>(*this, &SocketConnector::onError));
		}
	}
	
	void onReadable(ReadableNotification* pNotification)
	{
		pNotification->release();
		int err = _socket.impl()->socketError(); 
		if (err)
		{
			onError(err);
			unregisterConnector();
		}
		else
		{
			onConnect();
		}
	}
	
	void onWritable(WritableNotification* pNotification)
	{
		pNotification->release();
		onConnect();
	}
	
	void onConnect()
	{
		_socket.setBlocking(true);
		createServiceHandler();
		unregisterConnector();
	}
	
	void onError(ErrorNotification* pNotification)
	{
		pNotification->release();
		onError(_socket.impl()->socketError());
		unregisterConnector();
	}
	
protected:
	virtual ServiceHandler* createServiceHandler()
		/// Create and initialize a new ServiceHandler instance.
		///
		/// Subclasses can override this method.
	{
		return new ServiceHandler(_socket, *_pReactor);
	}

	virtual void onError(int errorCode)
		/// Called when the socket cannot be connected.
		///
		/// Subclasses can override this method.
	{
	}
	
	SocketReactor* reactor()
		/// Returns a pointer to the SocketReactor where
		/// this SocketConnector is registered.
		///
		/// The pointer may be null.
	{
		return _pReactor;
	}
	
	Socket& socket()
		/// Returns a reference to the SocketConnector's socket.
	{
		return _socket;
	}

private:
	SocketConnector();
	SocketConnector(const SocketConnector&);
	SocketConnector& operator = (const SocketConnector&);
	
	StreamSocket   _socket;
	SocketReactor* _pReactor;
};


} } // namespace Poco::Net


#endif // Net_SocketConnector_INCLUDED
